Bisphenol A (BPA): Nchintu chipati chiyaka zintu zibeleka obotu

Bisphenol A (BPA), iitwa kuti 2,2 - bis(4 - hydroxyphenyl)propane, ilijisi fomula ya C15H16O2 abulemu bwa 228.29. Chilibonya mbuli chintu chituba chiyumu naakuti chiyumu, kanjikanji chilaa kununkilila kubotu kwa chlorophenol. BPA tayinyonyooki mumaanzi pesi ilanyonyooka kabotu muzintu zipona zilimbuli kaboni tetrachloride, bukoko, ma ethers, antoomwe a acetone. Akaambo kakubeleka kupati kwama atomu aa haayidirojeni aa ortho antoomwe a para ya tubunga twa hydroxyl, BPA ilafwambaana kwiinda muzintu zyiingi zilimbuli halogenation, nitration, sulfonation, antoomwe a oxidation, eezi zibikka ntalisyo njumu yakubelesya kapati mumakwebo.

Kotujata

Kuvwuntauzya kwamukati-kati kwazyintu zyakusaanguna zya Physicochemical

Bupange bwamolekyula bulibedelede: I BPA molecule ilijisi tubunga tobile twa phenolic hydroxyl tuswaangene a propane skeleton. Bupange oobu bupa kuti ibe aanguzu zyamakemikalu zilibedelede. Tubunga tobile twa phenolic hydroxyl tupa kuti BPA ibe aanguzu zyakuyanda mubili, akupa kuti ikonzye kuswaangana azintu zyiingi. Aawo awo, chifuwa cha propane chipa kuti molecule ibe aanguzu zyakuyuma akulesya, akusungwaazya kusala akubeleka kwa BPA mumiswaangano yamakemikalu yiindene.

Zintu Ziboneka: BPA ilaa busena bwakunyenguluka bwa 158 - 159°C, busena bwakubila busika ku 400.8°C, antoomwe abulemu bwa 1.195g/cm3. Busena bwayo bwakunyenguluka akubila bupa kuti bube kabotu muchiindi chakupya akusinikizyigwa, mpawo bupati bwayo bulagwasya mubukkale buyandika bupati bwazintu zimwi, mbuli mukubamba mapulasitiki amwi ama resin, oomo bupati bwa BPA mobukonzya kuchincha bube bwakumubili akubamba zintu zyakumaninizya. Ulanyoneka mbichani mu carbon tetrachloride, taunyonyooki pe mumaanzi, pesi ulanyoneka muzintu zyiingi zizwide, mpawo bube oobu bwakunyonyooka mbobupa kuti ichite obotu anzila zyakubelesya muzintu zisiyene-siyene.

Foomu yakulanga bubotu bwa Bisphenol A

Analyte	Chintu	Kusalazya	Mpindu	Nzila Yakusunka
Mbuchiboneka	/	Ituba iiteteete naa iiteteete, Kakwiina busofwaazi bwaminchina	Ituba, Kakwiina tombe lyaminchina	GB/T 28113-2011
Bisphenol A	Mukati/%	≥99.85	99.925	GB/T 28113-2011
Phenol	Mukati/%	≤0.005	0.001	GB/T 28113-2011
2,4-Isomer	Mukati/%	≤0.050	0.01	GB/T 28113-2011
Kaambo ka Crystalline	°C	≥156.6	157.2	GB/T 28113-2011
Chroma iiteteete	Mubala, Pt-Co (Hazen Unit)	≤20	10	GB/T 28113-2011
Nzila yakumanizya penzi Chroma	Mubala, Pt-Co (Hazen Unit)	/	5	GB/T 28113-2011
Ibutete	Mukati/%	≤0.08	0.02	GB/T 6283-2008

Zibelesyo zipati mumbazu zyiingi

Kupanga mapulasitiki ama resin:
Kupanga Polycarbonate (PC): BPA nchintu chipati chibelesyegwa mukupanga polycarbonate (PC). Polycarbonate iliimpene mumbazu zyiingi akaambo kakuboneka kabotu (kutondezya mumuni kwiinda 90%), ilakonzya kukazya kugonkwa (ziindi zili 250 - 300 kwiinda gilazi lyabuzubaa buzuba), ilakonzya kukkalwa kabotu, alimwi ilakonzya kukazya kupya (kupya kusikila ku 130 - 140°C). Mumakwebo aamagesi amagesi, PC ilabelesyegwa kapati mukupanga zivwunisyo zyamakkompyuta, mafooni, azintu zimwi zyamagesi, eezyo zitakwabilili buyo zibeela zyamukati zili kabotu pele alimwi zisumpula kuzundana kwazintu akaambo kakuboneka kabotu alimwi akuboneka kabotu. Mumakwebo aakupanga myootokala, PC ilabelesyegwa kupanga zivwunisyo zyamumuni wamyootokala, zibelesyo zyakubelesya, azintu zimwi. Mumuni mupati wazivwunisyo zyamumuni upa kuti kube mumuni wakumweka masiku, mpawo kukkalikana kwazibeela zyazibelesyo kupa kuti kube kubunganya kabotu akubelesya kwachiindi chilamfu. Mumulimo wakuyaka, PC - zyakabambwa mumuni wazuba, zivwunisyo zyakumunikila, azimwi zintu zibelesyegwa kapati mumaanda aabuleya mbuli maanda mapati aakulida alimwi amasena aakusobanina akaambo kakukwabililwa kwawo kuzwa kukutyompokelwa alimwi akunjizya mumuni, kupa kuti kube busena bwamumuni alimwi bukwabilidwe mukati.

Kupanga Epoxy Resin: BPA alimwi nchintu chipati mukupanga ma epoxy resin. Ma epoxy resins alakonzya kunamatika kabotu loko mpawo alakonzya kujata zintu zyiingi zilimbuli nsimbi, nkuni, amagilazi, aboobo ajisi busena bupati mukunamatika. Mumakwebo aakupanga ndeke, zintu zyakunamatika zye epoxy zilabelesyegwa kujatanisya zibeela zyandeke kuchitila kuti ndeke kaili kabotu akukwabililwa mubukkale bukatazya bwakuuluka. Aawo awo, ma epoxy resins alakonzya kukazya kubola kwamakemikalu akukwabilila mpawo alabelesyegwa kapati mukupanga zintu zyamagesi. Mbuli chitondeezyo, ma circuit boards muzibelesyo zyamagesi kanjikanji alabikkwa ma epoxy resins kuchitila kutabilila zibeela zyamagesi kuti zitanyonyooki anze akusumpula buumi bwazibelesyo zyamagesi. Muchiimo chakuvwumba, epoxy resin coatings ilabelesyegwa kukwabilila nsimbi, eezyo zikonzya kukwabilila kubola kwazintu zilimbuli asidi ama alkalis mpawo zipa kuti zintu zyabutale zizumanane kubeleka kwachiindi chilamfu.

Amwi Makemikalu Mabotu Aabelesyegwa:
Kupanga zintu zilesya mulilo: Zintu zilesya mulilo zilimbuli tetrabromobisphenol A zilakonzya kuchitwa kuzwa ku BPA. Kuyungizya zintu zilesya mulilo kulayandika kapati mumakwebo mbuli zintu zyapulasitiki alimwi azisani. Muzintu zyapulasitiki, zintu zilesya mulilo zilakonzya kucesya kupya kwazintu. Eelyo notubikkwa kubusena bupya, muya uubola uutapya naakuti bbazu lya carbonaceous lipangwa azintu zilesya mulilo lilakonzya kulesya kweenda kwa oxygen akupya akulesya kumwaika kwakupya. Mbuli chitondeezyo, kubikka zintu zikonzya kulesya mulilo mumapulasitiki aazibelesyo zyamagesi azyamagesi kulakonzya kucesya ntenda yamulilo akukwabilila buumi bwabantu azintu zyabo. Muzisani, kubelesya misamu iilesyela mulilo kulakonzya kupa kuti zizwaato zitapya chiindi niziswaangana amulilo mpawo akugwisya ntenda zikonzya kuchitika akaambo kakupya zizwaato mumulilo.

Ma Antioxidants aZikwabilila Kupya: BPA ilakonzya kubelesegwa mbuli antioxidant akukwabilila kupya muzintu zimwi zyapulasitiki a raba. Muchiindi chakubamba mapulasitiki, zintu zilimbuli kupya loko a oxygen zilakonzya kuleta kuchembaala kwamapulasitiki akubola, akunyonganya kweenda kwachintu abuumi bwakubeleka. Mbuli chintu chikwabilila mubili kuzwa kuzintu zikonzya kujaya, BPA ilakonzya kujata ma radicals aali mumubili, kulesya kusanduka kwa oxidation reactions, akuchedesya kuchembaala kwamapulasitiki. Aawo awo, mbuli chintu chikwabilila kupya, BPA ilakonzya kugwasya kuti mapulasitiki atazungaani mumasena aapya loko mpawo akwabilila mapulasitiki kuti ataboli, kusanduka mubala, amapenzi aambi muchiindi chakubamba naa kubelesyegwa. Muzintu zipangwa a raba, BPA ilakonzya kuchita mulimu uukozyenye, ikusumpula kupya a muuya uukwabilila kuchembaala kwa raba mpawo akuyungizya buumi bwazintu zya raba mbuli mataya aamyootokala azikwabilizyo zya raba.

Kukazyanya aatala alukwabililo ansandulo zyamakkampani

Kuvwuntauzya ntenda zyabuumi: BPA ilijisi buyo bbivwe lisyoonto alimwi ilakonzya kweenda akusanduka mubusena amumubili wamuntu. Mweelwe mupati wa ziiyo zyakatondezya kuti BPA ilijisi nguzu zilimbuli zya estrogen mpawo ilakonzya kunyonganya nzila yamuntu. Ikapati kubana baniini, kukomena kwabo kwakuzyala kulakonzya kunyonganizyigwa, mpawo eezi zilakonzya kuleta malwazi aajatikizya nzila yakuzyala. Aawo awo, BPA ilakonzya kuchita kuti insulin itabeleki kabotu, mpawo eezi zilakonzya kuleta malwazi mbuli syuga mubulowa akunenesya. Kusunkwa kumwi kwabanyama kwakatondezya kuti banyama bakasunkwa bakapegwa BPA kwachiindi chilamfu balaa kukomena kutali kabotu kwazibeela zyakuzyala akucinca kwabukkale. Nikuba kuti buvwuntauzi aatala akugwasya kwa BPA kubuumi bwabantu buchili mukuchitika, zisi zyiingi zyabweza ntaamu zyakulesya kubelesya BPA muzintu zimwi akaambo kakuyoowa ntenda zyabuumi.

Ntalisyo zyamakkampani akusumpuka kwakutobela milawu: Akaambo kakukazyania kwakukwabililwa kwa BPA, zisi zyiingi azisi zyiingi munyika yoonse zyakabikka milawu iijatikizya kukasya kubelesyegwa kwa BPA. Mu 2011, Nkamu yaBuumi yakuChina azimwi zibeela zili musanu ayimwi zyakakasya kubelesya BPA mukupanga, kunjizya, akusambala mabbodela aamukaka wabana. Nyika azisi zilimbuli United States, Canada, antoomwe a European Union azyalo zyakazumanana kulesya kubelesya BPA mumabbokesi aazyakulya, zyakulya zyabana, azimwi zintu. Mukulanga zyeelelo eezi, makwebo ali mukulanga nzila zimbi zyakubelesya mubusena bwa BPA, mbuli bisphenol S (BPS) antoomwe a diphenyl sulfone. Aawo awo, makkampani aapanga zintu alikuzumanana kuchita obotu munzila zyakupanga zintu akusimya kweendelezya bubotu bwazintu kuchitila kuti kuchesegwe kweenda kwa BPA akuzuzikizya milawu miyumu alimwi azintu nzyobayanda basikuula kuti zintu zikwabililwe akaambo kakusinizya kuti zintu zibeleka kabotu. Munzila yakupanga ma polycarbonate antoomwe a epoxy resins, makkampani alasumpula mweelwe wakusanduka kwa BPA akucesya BPA iitasanduki muzintu kwiinda mukusumpula bukkale bwakusanduka akusumpula nzila zyakugwasya.

Zitondezyo

Zina lyachintu		Bisphenol A
Fomula yaKkemikalu		C₁₅H₁₆O₂
Kulema kwamolekyula		228.29 g/mol
Mbuchiboneka		Musinza uutuba uusalala pyu
Busena bwakunyenguluka		155–158°C
Busena Bwabilila		250–252°C
CAS NO		80-05-7
HS Code		29072990
EINECS NO		201-240-4
Kulembela		Upanga zintu zipa pulasitiki, zintu zilesya mulilo, misamu; zibelesyegwa mukuvwumba/kunamatizya.

Pepa lyakweendelezya bubotu

Zina lyachintu	Bisphenol A
CHINTU	MULEMO UULYEELEDE (%)	BULEMU BWAKUSUNKA(%)
Bisphenol A Purity wt.	Min 99.85	99.93
Mubala APHA	Max 5	5
Phenol mg/kg	Kusika ku 100	56
Phenol yaalubazu wt. %	Kusika ku 1000	230
Maanzi wt. %	Max 0.1	0.03
Mulota mg/kg	Max 5	0
Butale mg/kg	Max 0.1	0.03

Nkaambo nzi Ncotweelede Kusala BPA Yesu?

Tulipedelede kupa zintu zya BPA zibotu loko alimwi zitazungaani. Kuswaangana koonse kuzwa kukuula zintu zitabelesyegwi kusikila kukupanga akubamba zitobela nzila ziyumu zyakulanga bubotu bwazintu kuchitila kuti zintu kazisalala, kazijisi tombe lisyoonto, alimwi zitondezyo zyoonse kazizuzikizya zyeelelo zisumpukide zyamakkampani. Tulijisi nkamu ya R & D iili kabotu iikonzya kupa nzila zyakumanizya mapenzi kweendelana azintu nzyobayanda basikuula kuti bagwasye basikuula kuti bazuzikizye zintu zipya akusumpula mumbazu zilimbuli mapulasitiki, ma resini, amakemikalu mabotu. Aawo awo, tulijisi nzila zibotu zyakweendelezya nzila zyakutola zintu kuchitila kuti zintu kazijanwa muchiindi cheelede mpawo kazitazungaani kuchitila kuti basikuula bazuzikizye ziyandikana zyakupanga zintu zyiingi. Mubukkale bwakumbele bwa BPA, tulabikkila maanu kapati kumilawu, tulazumanana kubikka mali muzibelesyo zya R & D, akusumpula nzila zyakupanga zintu zitakwe ntenda alimwi zikwabilidwe kutegwa tupe basikuula zintu zitobela milawo alimwi zisyomeka.

Amusale BPA yesu, amujatane maanza kuti muzumanane kuzwidilila mumulimo wazibelesyo zibeleka obotu, amulangane amapenzi, akupanga mpindu mpati.